Phelps Anderson has a background rooted in both family business and public service. He managed investments in oil and real estate before entering politics. Anderson has served in the New Mexico House of Representatives, with a notable gap between his initial term and his return in 2018. His career includes a shift from the Republican Party to independent status, reflecting a dynamic approach to political alignment.

Phelps Anderson's political identity is marked by an intriguing blend of traditional and progressive stances, particularly in his approach to the economy and energy. His advocacy for small businesses and local economies, alongside support for renewable energy, showcases an ideologically agile approach. Anderson's acknowledgment of the oil industry's significance in New Mexico's economy while promoting sustainable practices reveals a nuanced understanding of regional economic dependencies. His departure from the Republican Party to become an independent further highlights a departure from conventional party lines, suggesting a highly localized and calculated political strategy.